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The Deep Dive

Know your
numbers.

Think of this as your cheat sheet. The tests to ask for, the screenings to schedule, and the conditions that get mistaken for menopause. Read it before your appointment, then bring the one-page checklist to your doctor.

Every claim sourced. NAMS, Mayo Clinic, Endocrine Society, USPSTF, or peer reviewed literature. Nothing made up.

The 7 conditions that get confused with menopause

Same symptoms. Different causes. Different treatments. If your doctor only checks one box, you might be treating the wrong thing. Knowledge is power here.

Thyroid Disorders

American Thyroid Association

Overlapping symptoms: Fatigue, weight changes, mood swings, brain fog, hair loss, sleep problems

1 in 8 women will develop a thyroid disorder

Depression / Anxiety

The Lancet, 2025

Overlapping symptoms: Mood changes, sleep disruption, loss of interest, fatigue, difficulty concentrating

Women in perimenopause are 2-4x more likely to experience depression

Iron Deficiency / Anemia

WHO; Mayo Clinic

Overlapping symptoms: Crushing fatigue, brain fog, hair loss, heart palpitations, shortness of breath

Heavy periods in perimenopause deplete iron stores

Fibromyalgia

American College of Rheumatology

Overlapping symptoms: Joint pain, muscle pain, fatigue, sleep problems, brain fog

Onset peaks in women ages 40-60

Autoimmune Conditions

NIH Office of Research on Women's Health

Overlapping symptoms: Fatigue, joint pain, brain fog, skin changes, hair loss

78% of autoimmune patients are women

Sleep Apnea

American Academy of Sleep Medicine

Overlapping symptoms: Fatigue, brain fog, mood changes, weight gain, night sweats

Risk increases significantly after menopause

ADHD (Late Diagnosis)

Journal of Women's Health, 2024

Overlapping symptoms: Brain fog, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, overwhelm, emotional dysregulation

Estrogen decline can unmask or worsen ADHD symptoms

The bloodwork reference guide

Blood tests are not required to diagnose menopause. Most doctors diagnose based on age and symptoms alone. But bloodwork IS useful when symptoms are ambiguous, you've had a hysterectomy, you're under 45, or you want baselines before treatment. All reference ranges below are general guidelines. Your provider will interpret results in the context of your individual health.

Source: Mayo Clinic, 2024; Korean Menopausal HT Guidelines, 2020

FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone)

Rises as ovarian function declines. Your provider may use levels alongside symptoms to assess menopause status.

Fluctuates wildly in perimenopause. A single test can be misleading. Discuss results with your provider.

Mayo Clinic, 2024

Estradiol (E2)

Primary estrogen. Drops during menopause transition. Your provider interprets levels in context of your symptoms.

Like FSH, fluctuates during perimenopause. Best interpreted alongside symptoms by your provider.

Endocrine Society, 2015

TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone)

Rules out thyroid dysfunction, which mimics menopause symptoms almost perfectly.

Simple, inexpensive. Should be checked in every woman with menopause-like symptoms.

American Thyroid Association

Testosterone (Free + Total)

Affects libido, energy, muscle mass, bone density, mental clarity. Declines during midlife.

Often overlooked in women. Ask specifically if you have fatigue or low desire.

Endocrine Society, 2015

Lipid Panel

Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides. Cardiovascular risk increases after menopause.

Baseline before starting HT. Fasting test preferred.

American Heart Association

HbA1c / Fasting Glucose

Insulin resistance increases during menopause transition. Screens for diabetes risk.

Important baseline regardless of HT decision.

NAMS, 2022

Vitamin D (25-OH)

Deficiency is extremely common in midlife women. Affects bone health, mood, immunity.

If deficient, supplementation is simple and effective.

Endocrine Society, 2015

Screening roadmap

Evidence-based screenings recommended by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and major medical societies.

TestWhen
MammogramEvery 2 years starting at age 40
Pap Smear / HPV TestEvery 3 to 5 years (ages 21 to 65)
ColonoscopyEvery 10 years starting at age 45
DEXA Bone DensityAge 65+, or earlier with risk factors
Blood PressureAt every visit
Lipid PanelEvery 5 years (more often with risk factors)

Sources: USPSTF 2018-2025; AHA, 2024; NAMS, 2022

Your screening tracker

Track when you last had each screening and when the next one is due.

Your Screening Tracker

Log in to track your screenings, set reminders for when they're due, and keep personal notes. Your data stays private. Only you can see it.

Now you know.

You've done the research. Now bring the one-page checklist to your appointment and get the answers you deserve.

Sources

The North American Menopause Society (NAMS). "The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement." Menopause, 2022.

Stuenkel CA, et al. "Treatment of Symptoms of the Menopause." Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline, 2015. Cited 1,100+ times.

Mayo Clinic. "Menopause: Diagnosis and Treatment." Updated August 2024.

U.S. Food and Drug Administration. "HHS Advances Women's Health: Removes Misleading FDA Warnings on HRT." January 2025.

American Thyroid Association. Thyroid and Menopause fact sheet.

USPSTF. Breast Cancer Screening (2024), Colorectal Cancer Screening (2021), Cervical Cancer Screening (2018), Osteoporosis Screening (2025).

American Heart Association. "Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics." Circulation, 2024.

Harvard Health Publishing. "Screening Tests You Probably Don't Need." 2024.

Ridker PM, et al. "C-Reactive Protein and Cardiovascular Risk in Women." Women's Health Study, NEJM.

NIH Office of Research on Women's Health. Autoimmune disease statistics.

Journal of Women's Health. ADHD and menopause symptom overlap, 2024.

KRUUSH

Built by Amber Farr-Jaffe. Mom, grandmother, friend, and lover of humans.

KRUUSH is a wellness content platform, not a medical provider. Amber isn't a doctor, therapist, or licensed healthcare professional. This page is for informational and educational purposes only. Reference ranges and screening schedules are general guidelines sourced from major medical organizations. Always discuss your individual results and screening schedule with your healthcare provider.

Health Notice: KRUUSH is a wellness content platform, not a healthcare provider. The information on this page is for educational and informational purposes only and isn't a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always talk to your healthcare provider before making health decisions. Full terms.

Last reviewed: March 2026